Nasal steroids are used to reduce inflammation in the nasal cavity that is a result of allergies.  As the inflammation in the nose is relieved, allergy symptoms such as sneezing, congestion and a runny nose are usually reduced.

Nasal steroids do not cause the same type of reaction in your body as anabolic steroids do.  Rather, the nasal steroid is similar to the body’s natural hormones that are known to reduce inflammation and influence metabolism.

The best known nasal steroids on the market are Nasonex, Flonase and Rhinocort.  These are usually taken as 1 to 2 sprays per nostril once or twice a day. It can take up to two weeks to see results, although some patients begin to feel relief within a day of using nasal steroids.

Mast cells are found on fixed tissues in the body, including the nose and airway tissues.  Mast cells contain histamines and leukotrienes.  Both of these are described as mediators, and if released, will cause those annoying allergy symptoms to begin.  If the mast cells are triggered by an allergen, the mediators are released and begin to cause inflammation, increased mucus production and a narrowed airway.  They also send a “distress call” to the body, causing more immune cells to react to the allergen.

Mast-cell stabilizers are medications used to make the mast cells more stable.  Two of these common prescription medications are nedocromil and cromolyn.  In order for the medication to work, it has to reach the mast cell before the allergen reaches it.  The mast-cell stabilizers can be taken as nose drops, a nasal spray or as inhalers when used for asthma.

If the mast-cell stabilizer is used after an allergic reaction has already begun, it’s effectiveness can be diminished.  If an asthma attack has begun, this particular medication will not stop it.

Mast-cell stabilizers can take up to six weeks to become fully effective, although the benefits are often seen after a few days.  Again, it is best to take this medication before exposure to pollen or other allergens.